V. P. Kapoor , M. I. H. Farooqi , L. D. Kapoor

Abstract

(Twelve seed samples of Cassia species have been chemically examined for their mucilage contents. All these mucilages which were found to be essentially galactomannan, were highly viscosity being 5600 cps of the seeds of Cassia grandis). The Cassia seeds have been reported (Tookey, 1965; Kapoor, 1971) to contain high amounts of mudlages. With a view of establishing their usefulness as sources for commercial Mucilages (gums), the indigenous Cassia seeds have further been chemically investigated and the results embodied in the present communications. Seeds were collected from forests of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

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P. N. Misra , L. D. Kapoor

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Matricaria chamomilla Linn popularly known as German or Hungarian Chamomile, is an important drug plant, flowers of which yield 'blue oil' having anti-phlogistic properties. It is also used against stomach ailments, and as a flavouring agent in fine liquors and in perfumes. Seeds were introduced from Jammu in 1965 and multiplied at Research Station, Banthra of National Botanic Gardens, Lucknow, with ultimate object of economic utilisation. Of substandard saline-alkali soils. Encouraging preliminary observations led us to work out details or its agronomic requirements in the alluvial plains of U.P. Cultural aud manurial trials indicated that the crop is well suited for cultivation on the saline-alkali soils and the plants thrived even where the efflorescence of salts appeared. 6-8 weeks old seedlings closely spaced at 30 × 30 cm gave the highest yield, The optimum time of plantiug lies between last week of November and first week of December. The crop responded well to fertilisation and the optimum dose of N and P lies between 50-60 kg N/ha and 50 kg P₂0₅/ha. Yield of fresh flowers as high as 45 q per hectare was recorded. A net income per hectare of Rs 1,500/- and Rs, 5,600/- can he obtained from the sale of flowers and oil respectively.

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L. D. Kapoor , T. C. Chopra , Som Nath

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L. D. Kapoor

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Het Singh , K. L. Handa , L. D. Kapoor

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I. C. Chopra , L. D. Kapoor

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Due to the rapidly increasing importance of Steroid sapogenins for the manufacture of cortisone, sex hormones and oral contraceptives, there is a vigorous search all over the world for vegetable raw meterials which can provide cheap and sustained supplies of starting material for further synthesis of a variety of steroid hormones, particularly oral contraceptive agents for population control. In India, some of the plants such as Dioscorea deltoidea have yielded as high as 4.8 to 8.0 per cent and D. prazeri 2.0 to 4.0 per cent Diosgenin which is at present, the most favoured starting material for synthesis of steroid hormones. Some of the Agava species used for the extraction of fibre yield workable percentage of hecogenin from its pulp which is a by-product. Similarly, some species of Solanum, namely Solanum incanum, S. khasianum and S. aviculare (a recently introduced plant) have yielded gluco- alkaloids, solasidine and solanine which can be used for the same purpose. The diagnostic characters of these plants with a view to distinguish them from other edible yams, the variation in diosgenin contents due to season of sampling or ecology or geographical races are discussed.

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M. I. H. Farooqi , L. D. Kapoor

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About a dozen Indian plant gums of commercial as well as medicinal importance have been discussed. Some distinguishing chemical tests have been recorded which could serve to detect adulterations. Detailed chemical studies of the gum from Albi ia procera Benth. Have also been carried out as substitute for imported gum-arabic from Acacia senegal.

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V. Chandra , Basant Singh , A. Singh , L. D. Kapoor

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Solanum khasianum Clarke, grown during July 1968 to May 1969 at N.B.G. Lucknow shows the development of maximum solasonine content in fruits when the plants are 9 to 10 weeks old by which time fruits change the colour from green to yellow. There is a sharp decline in the Solasonine contents if the fruits are allowed to mature beyond the yellow colour stage. Observations on flower to fruit development have also been recorded.

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N. C. Shah , L. D. Kapoor

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The leaves of Tylophora indica have been gaining some prominence in herbal medicine as a cure for bronchial asthma. The present study deals with the morphology of underground part and its propagation, with a brief review of chemistry and pharmacognosy, distribution and botany of the cultured plant.

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